Mortgage Rate Watch
Mortgage Rates End Week Only Slightly Higher After Decent Recovery Fri, 16 May 2025 20:25:00 GMT

The average top tier 30yr fixed rate is set to end the week just a few hundredths of a percent higher than last Friday at 6.92%.  That's a victory--albeit a small one--after hitting 6.99% on Wednesday. As always, these rates refer to an index representing broad industry averages for best-case scenarios. Individual lenders and scenarios can be quite a bit different for a variety of reasons. Today's rate change is a bit misleading because it left us in slightly better shape versus yesterday. The bond market (which is directly responsible for mortgage rate changes) disagrees. Whether we're talking about mortgage-specific bonds or their more popular older sibling US Treasuries, bonds were just a hair weaker across the board. Weaker bonds = higher rates, all other things being equal. The discrepancy comes down to timing and the rate setting practices of mortgage lenders. Specifically, bonds improved late enough in the day yesterday that many lenders didn't fully adjust their mortgage rates to reflect the gains.  Then this morning, bonds signaled even lower rates before ultimately moving back to more neutral levels.  Some lenders bumped rates slightly higher as a result, but the average lender is still slightly below yesterday's rates and bond market levels are still slightly better than they were when most lenders released their last rate update yesterday. If this is all a bit confusing, remember that mortgage rates only change once or twice a day, apart from extremely volatile trading days. Meanwhile, the bond market is changing every second. Lenders have to decide where to set rates based on that moving target.  Here's how the past two days looked to the average lender:
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Mortgage Rates Catch a Break Thu, 15 May 2025 19:36:00 GMT

Mortgage rates have done almost nothing but move higher in the month of May. The latest bump--seen yesterday--took the average top tier 30yr fixed rate to 6.99%. While this is fairly uneventful in the bigger picture, it was a noticeable increase from the 6.81 seen at the end of April, or the slightly lower range  before that. Today's improvement was modest, but at least it was an improvement.  And at least it prevents us from needing to write headlines about an official break above the 7.0% level.  As for motivations, the bond market (which dictates rates) improved after a slew of economic data this morning and a speech from Fed Chair Powell. In terms of timing, more of the improvement happened after Powell, but it's impossible to know if traders weren't simply waiting for the morning's key events to transpire before fully reacting. The average lender is about 0.05% lower than yesterday.  Most lenders began the day roughly in line with yesterday and then made a mid-day adjustment in response to the bond market gains.
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Mortgage Rates Rising Closer to 7% Wed, 14 May 2025 20:26:00 GMT

In early April, amid the most volatile portion of the market's reaction to the tariff announcement, mortgage rates were officially over 7% for a single day. By the middle of the following week, they were well on their way lower, ultimately ending the month just over 6.8%. Since then, it's been tough sledding for bonds and the rate market. Almost every day in the month of May has been a bad one.  Even if the size of the rate increases have been reasonably small, they're starting to add up.  Now today, the average lender is back on the doorstep of 7% for top tier conventional 30yr fixed mortgage rates.  A second wave of weakness in the bond market this afternoon is resulting in many lenders announcing mid-day increases.  With that, today's index ended up at 6.99%--all this despite an absence of any standout individual motivations in today's news. Tomorrow brings a slew of important economic reports.  If they come in stronger than expected, rates could face additional upward pressure.  If they're weaker, markets may dismiss them as stale data that was overly influenced by tariff-related uncertainty that has since improved. 
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Mortgage Rates Hold Fairly Steady After Inflation Data Tue, 13 May 2025 20:26:00 GMT

Tuesday brought the release of an economic report that has frequently been responsible for big swings in mortgage rates. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is the earlier of the two big inflation reports from the US government, and inflation is a big deal for interest rates.  In general, higher inflation coincides with higher rates and vice versa. But today's CPI data was likely to be taken with a grain of salt due to the to-be-determined impacts of tariffs and trade deals on the price of imported goods and materials. In other words, if inflation came in lower than expected, it wouldn't matter as much as normal because. The only real risk was that inflation would come in higher than expectations, thus suggesting that any tariff-related impact would be hitting an already elevated price trend. Thankfully, today's report was slightly lower than expected, even though it moved up from last month's levels. As expected, that didn't do anything to help rates. In fact, the average lender is just a hair higher than yesterday owing to market movement that happened later in the day.
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Mortgage Rates Jump to 2 Week Highs After US/China Trade Talks Mon, 12 May 2025 20:32:00 GMT

Tariffs and trade policy have been a new and important consideration for the bond market for just over a month now. That matters to mortgage rates because mortgage pricing is primarily determined by bond prices.   The reaction function for rates is a bit complicated at first glance because tariffs can exert influence in opposite directions. To whatever extent trade policy results in lower economic growth, it would generally be good for rates, all other things being equal. To whatever extent trade policy results in higher prices, lower revenue, and lower foreign demand for US assets (which tends to correlate with trade relationships), it would push rates higher.  Over the weekend, the US and China agreed on a 90 day pause on the more extreme tariff brinksmanship.  While levels remain elevated enough to cause some inflation concern (remember: bad for rates), they've come down enough to alleviate some concern about the global economy (also bad for rates).  Today's move wasn't huge as far as mortgage rate volatility goes, but the average lender is now up to the highest levels in just over 2 weeks. [thirtyyearmortgagerates]
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Mortgage Rates Barely Lower to End The Week Fri, 09 May 2025 20:30:00 GMT

Whether it's today vs yesterday, or today vs the end of last week, the average top tier 30yr fixed mortgage rate is just a hair lower. Today's improvement was arguably a byproduct of trade related headlines this morning. Specifically, some comments suggested this weekend's negotiations between the US and China in Switzerland would merely be a starting point. As has been the case for most any other recent trading day, there were plenty of other headlines that may have had an impact, but the overall movement is so small that nothing really stands out.   Looking ahead, the bond market (and thus, rates) will likely be tuning into next Tuesday's inflation data along with any substantive developments from the weekend's trade negotiations (which would be a tall order since they don't involve a meeting between Xi and Trump).
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Mortgage Rates Move Higher After Trade Deal Thu, 08 May 2025 20:04:00 GMT

Mortgage rates moved back up to the higher levels seen earlier this week after the official announcement of a trade deal between the U.S. and the U.K. Most lenders actually began the day fairly close to yesterday's latest levels, but were ultimately forced to raise rates in response to weakness in the bond market.   The rationale for this market reaction can be debated. Some market watchers conclude that a trade deal is simply "good for stocks and bad for bonds" because it's economically bullish. While that sentiment CAN account for some of the movement, it's not the whole story. Bonds (which dictate rates) have specific concerns regarding inflation, foreign demand, and issuance needs. These are high level topics that are beyond the scope of a daily mortgage rate recap, but suffice it to say "rates have a lot on their minds" when it comes to how trade policy shakes out.  Unfortunately, it's sort of a no win situation in the short term.  The only exception would have been a full exemption from tariffs. In the bigger picture, today's mortgage rate increase is unremarkable--sort of average--and it leaves the rate index well below the early April highs, despite being well above the range seen during the month of March.
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Mortgage Rates Lower After Fed Announcement, But Not Because of It Wed, 07 May 2025 19:35:00 GMT

There's nothing like a Fed announcement day to get almost every media outlet to run headlines that attempt to tie the day's market movement to the Fed's rate decision. The problem in today's case is that there wasn't even anything remotely resembling a decision, nor did anyone expect there to be. Markets were effectively betting on a zero percent chance of a rate cut at this meeting, and that's been the case for several weeks. Fed speakers had also been very clear in their shoulder shrugs during that time, saying that there are two big policy considerations in play right now, each arguing in the opposite direction. Specifically, the Fed has a mandate to "promote maximum employment," which could also be viewed as "promote a strong economy," and a mandate for "price stability," which is fancy talk for the Fed's inflation fighting role.  When Fed speakers have recently referred to those two mandates being in tension, they mean the potential drag on the economy from tariffs and tighter fiscal policy argues in favor of lower rates if it translates to higher unemployment and weaker economic data.  Contrast that to the potential increase in inflation due to tariffs, which argues in favor of higher rates. Simply put, there was nothing the Fed could do today but sit on its hands and wait to see which side of the mandate ended up having more compelling evidence, and nothing for Fed Chair Powell to do but reiterate that fact multiple times when almost every reporter asked a different version of the same question. 
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Mortgage Rates Improve Slightly After Starting Out Flat Tue, 06 May 2025 19:24:00 GMT

Mortgage rates were unchanged for the average lender this morning, thanks to a modest improvement in the bond market overnight.  Rates were on course to remain mostly flat until the afternoon's scheduled 10yr Treasury auction.  The market's reaction to the auction allowed many lenders to revise mortgage rates slightly lower. Mortgage rates are based on securities that are similar to US Treasuries in many ways. As such, when something happens that impacts Treasuries, the mortgage securities market tends to feel it. This doesn't always prompt an immediate change in mortgage rates because lenders only tend to make mid day changes when the underlying market makes a big enough move. Today's market movement wasn't exactly massive, but it was enough for most lenders to make an adjustment. In the bigger picture, a strong reception for a 10yr Treasury auction is reassuring for rates in general. That said, it will continue to be economic data and key fiscal developments that dictate momentum going forward.
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Mortgage Rates Roughly Unchanged to Start New Week Mon, 05 May 2025 19:51:00 GMT

Mortgage rates faced a slight headwind on Monday as economic data caused weakness in the bond market. This would typically result in higher mortgage rates, but in today's case, the damage was minimal. One thing to keep in mind is that mortgage rates don't change in real time with the market. Lenders set rates once in the morning and only change them when the bond market experiences a certain threshold of volatility. A small handful of lenders met that threshold and ended up raising rates this afternoon, but the average lender remained right in line with Friday. The implication is that if the bond market were to start tomorrow exactly where it's ending today, most lenders would be in a position to set tomorrow's rates slightly higher. This is purely hypothetical, however as there's no way to know which direction bonds will move overnight.
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